Price: 2.50 euro
Size: 4x2cm./1.5×0.7inch.
Beautiful pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of Lenin. The text on the pin reads:”Lenin Forever Alive”.
Lenin’s original name was Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov. He lived from 1870-1924. He was a revolutionairy and the first leader of the Soviet Union.
His political and social ideas, known as Leninism, was based on the social ideas of Karl Marx, called Marxism. After the october revolution in 1917 he was the first leader of the Soviet Union and put in place the first communist party and the first communist state in the world. His supporters were called the Bolsheviks. In the early 20’s Lenin had a series of strokes on wich he died in 1924. After losing is ability to speak.
Lenin’s body was embalmed to preserve it for long term public display in the Red Square mausoleum. During this process, Lenin’s brain was removed. Lenin’s body is still on display.
It is assumed that Lenin’s alias was chosen from the river Lena. One of the longest river in the world.
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All posts for the month February, 2021
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2×1.5cm./0.7×0.5inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of a statue from Ivan Krylov.
Ivan Andreyevich Krylov (1769-1844) is Russia’s best-known fabulist and probably the most epigrammatic of all Russian authors.Formerly a dramatist and journalist, he only discovered his true genre at the age of 40. While many of his earlier fables were loosely based on Aesop’s and La Fontaine’s, later fables were original work, often with a satirical bent.
Krylov’s first collection of fables, 23 in number, appeared in 1809 and met with such an enthusiastic reception that thereafter he abandoned drama for fable-writing. By the end of his career he had completed some 200, constantly revising them with each new edition. From 1812 to 1841 he was employed by the Imperial Public Library, first as an assistant, and then as head of the Russian Books Department, a not very demanding position that left him plenty of time to write. Honours were now showered on him in recognition of his growing reputation: the Russian Academy of Sciences admitted him as a member in 1811, and bestowed on him its gold medal in 1823; in 1838 a great festival was held in his honour under imperial sanction, and the Emperor Nicholas, with whom he was on friendly terms, granted him a generous pension.
Towards the end of his life Krylov suffered two cerebral hemorrhages and was taken by the Empress to recover at Pavlovsk Palace. After his death in 1844, he was buried beside his friend and fellow librarian Nikolay Gnedich in the Tikhvin Cemetery.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3.5×1.5cm./1.3×0.5inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text on the pin reads:”Leningrad”. The building is unknown but probably the Winter Palace.Saint Petersburg (previously Leningrad) is a city situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. With 5 million inhabitants in 2012, it is Russia’s second largest city after Moscow. An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea. It was founder by Peter The Great in 1703.
During World War II, German forces besieged Leningrad following the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. The siege lasted 872 days, or almost two and a half years. The Siege of Leningrad proved one of the longest, most destructive, and most lethal sieges of a major city in modern history. More than one million civilians were killed, mainly from starvation. Many others escaped or were evacuated, so the city became largely depopulated.
On 1 May 1945 Joseph Stalin, in his Supreme Commander Order No. 20, named Leningrad, alongside Stalingrad, Sevastopol, and Odessa, hero cities of the war. A law acknowledging the honorary title of “Hero City” passed in 1965. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded Leningrad as a Hero City the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal “for the heroic resistance of the city and tenacity of the survivors of the Siege”. The Hero City Obelisk bearing the Gold Star sign was installed in April 1985.
Price: 2.00 euro
Size: 3x2cm./1.1×0.7inch.
Year: 1967
Pin made in the Soviet Union to celebrate 50 years of October Revolution, made in 1967. The text on the pin reads:”50 Years Of October Revolution”.
The October Revolution was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin. It followed and capitalized on the February Revolution of the same year, which overthrew the Tsarist autocracy and resulted in a provisional government.
As the October Revolution was not universally recognized, there followed the struggles of the Russian Civil War (1917–22) and the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922. The Bolsheviks would become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Stalin was one of the militairy leaders of the Bolsheviks and took control over the Soviet Union after Lenin’s death in 1924.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2.5x2cm./0.9×0.7inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of Lenin.
Lenin’s original name was Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov. He lived from 1870-1924. He was a revolutionairy and the first leader of the Soviet Union.
His political and social ideas, known as Leninism, was based on the social ideas of Karl Marx, called Marxism. After the october revolution in 1917 he was the first leader of the Soviet Union and put in place the first communist party and the first communist state in the world. His supporters were called the Bolsheviks. In the early 20’s Lenin had a series of strokes on wich he died in 1924. After losing is ability to speak.
Lenin’s body was embalmed to preserve it for long term public display in the Red Square mausoleum. During this process, Lenin’s brain was removed. Lenin’s body is still on display. It is assumed that Lenin’s alias was chosen from the river Lena. One of the longest river in the world.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3.5×2.5cm./1.3×0.9inch.
3D pin with 2 sides of images of Leningrad (now known as St. Petersburg). On one reflction the St. Isaac’s cathedral is visible with and the statue “The Bronze Horseman” wich is a statue of Peter The Great. The ship is on top of the Admirality building. On the other reflection there is the Winter Palace.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3x2cm./1.1×0.7inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of Lenin.
Lenin’s original name was Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov. He lived from 1870-1924. He was a revolutionairy and the first leader of the Soviet Union.
His political and social ideas, known as Leninism, was based on the social ideas of Karl Marx, called Marxism. After the october revolution in 1917 he was the first leader of the Soviet Union and put in place the first communist party and the first communist state in the world. His supporters were called the Bolsheviks. In the early 20’s Lenin had a series of strokes on wich he died in 1924. After losing is ability to speak.
Lenin’s body was embalmed to preserve it for long term public display in the Red Square mausoleum. During this process, Lenin’s brain was removed. Lenin’s body is still on display. It is assumed that Lenin’s alias was chosen from the river Lena. One of the longest river in the world.
Price: 2.50 euro
Size: 4.5x3cm./1.7×1.1inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text on the pin reads:”Leningrad”. On top of the pin there are medals. Medals could not only be givin to persons but also to city’s. Due to the struggle and suffering of Leningrad in WWII. On the backgroud there is a map of Leningrad and the image of a famous statue of Lenin.
Price: 1.50 euro
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text on the pin reads:”Shchuchinsk” wich is a town in Kazakhstan.
Shchuchinsk is a city in northern-central Kazakhstan, located 75 kilometres south-east of Kokshetau on Lake Shchuchye and is the centre of a large agricultural area. Shchuchinsk was founded as a Cossack settlement called Shchuchye in 1850.

Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3cm./1.1inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of Lenin. The text on the pin reads:”Lenin”.
Lenin’s original name was Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov. He lived from 1870-1924. He was a revolutionairy and the first leader of the Soviet Union.
His political and social ideas, known as Leninism, was based on the social ideas of Karl Marx, called Marxism. After the october revolution in 1917 he was the first leader of the Soviet Union and put in place the first communist party and the first communist state in the world. His supporters were called the Bolsheviks. In the early 20’s Lenin had a series of strokes on wich he died in 1924. After losing is ability to speak.
Lenin’s body was embalmed to preserve it for long term public display in the Red Square mausoleum. During this process, Lenin’s brain was removed. Lenin’s body is still on display. It is assumed that Lenin’s alias was chosen from the river Lena. One of the longest river in the world.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3.5cm./1.3inch.
Pin made in the Sovit Union with the image of Lenin. The text on the pin reads:”Vladimir Ilyich Lenin 1870-1924″.
Lenin’s original name was Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov. He lived from 1870-1924. He was a revolutionairy and the first leader of the Soviet Union.
His political and social ideas, known as Leninism, was based on the social ideas of Karl Marx, Marxism. After the october revolution he was the first leader of the Soviet Union and put in place the first communist party. His supporters were called the Bolsheviks. It is assumed that Lenin’s alias was chosen from the river Lena. One of the longest river in the world.


(1.5.21)
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3cm./1.1inch.
For sale at http://www.propagandaworld.org
Pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of the Aurora.
The Aurora was made in 1903 and most of the crew joined the Bolshevics who were preparing a communist revolution led by Lenin in 1917. This ship fired the first shot signalling the start of the October revolution. In WWII the guns was taken off the ship to use it for the defence of Leningrad. After the war the Aurora was a navy training vessel and later, till this day, a museum located at St. Petersburg (formaly known as Leningrad).
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text reads:”Ulyanovsk”. The city of Ulyanovsk is the birthplace of Lenin in 1870. Ulyanovsk is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River 705 kilometers (438 mi) east of Moscow. Nowadays it has little more than 600.00 inhabitants.
The city, founded as Simbirsk but was named Ulyanovsk after Lenin’s death in 1924. Ulyanovsk has been designated a UNESCO City of Literature since 2015. The building on the pin is the Lenin Memorial Building. On the left side on the pin is the Lenin Order. One of the highest civilian order.
(1.5.21)
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 3.5×2.5cm./1.3×0.9inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text on the pin reads:”Heroic Defenders Of Leningrad”. The image on the pin is the statue on the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery.
The Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery is the main WWII memorial in the city of Saint-Petersburg (Leningrad). It is a resting place for over 470.000 people who died of hunger inside the city, as well as over 50.000 soldiers. The central figure of the memorial is the sculpture “Motherland”. It depicts a grieving woman with a wreath, standing over the graves of her sons. Near the entrance to the cemetery, a museum was built telling a story of the life inside a city at war. Inside the museum, one can see a diary of Tanya Savicheva, a Leningrad girl who survived the horrors of the 1941-1942 winter.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2.5×1.5cm./0.9×0.5inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The image of the pin is a statue of A.S. Pushkin wich stands in St. Petersburg, formaly known as Leningrad.
Alexander Pushkin was a poet who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian Literature. He lived from 1799 until is death in 1837. He died in a duel. Along with other famous Russian writers he belonged to the golden age of Russian literature in the 19th. century.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2cm./0.7oz.
Pin made in the Soviet Union with the image of Lenin.
Lenin’s original name was Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov. He lived from 1870-1924. He was a revolutionairy and the first leader of the Soviet Union.
His political and social ideas, known as Leninism, was based on the social ideas of Karl Marx, Marxism. After the october revolution he was the first leader of the Soviet Union and put in place the first communist party. His supporters were called the Bolsheviks. It is assumed that Lenin’s alias was chosen from the river Lena. One of the longest river in the world.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2×1.5cm./0.7×0.5inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text on the pin reads:”Leningrad” also known as St. Petersburg. The statue of Lenin on the pin is the statue at Finland Station in Saint Petersburg is one of the most famous statues of Vladimir Lenin in Russia. Erected in 1926, it was one of the first large-scale statues of Lenin, being completed within three years of his death. It depicts the man making a speech from atop an armoured car, soon after his 1917 arrival at the station from exile abroad. It was designed in an early constructivist style by sculptor Sergei A. Evseev and architects Vladimir Shchuko and Vladimir Helfreich. The style and pose of the statue were imitated by later works. The statue is one of few in Saint Petersburg that survived after the fall of the Soviet Union. It was damaged in a 2009 bomb attack but has since been repaired.
Price: 2.00 euro
Size: 3x3cm./1.1×1.1inch.
Pin made in the Soviet Union. The text reads:”Ulyanovsk”. The city of Ulyanovsk is the birthplace of Lenin in 1870. Ulyanovsk is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River 705 kilometers (438 mi) east of Moscow. Nowadays it has little more than 600.00 inhabitants.
The city, founded as Simbirsk but was named Ulyanovsk after Lenin’s death in 1924. Ulyanovsk has been designated a UNESCO City of Literature since 2015. The building on the pin is the Lenin Memorial Building. On the left side on the pin is the Lenin Order. One of the highest civilian order.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2.5×2.5cm./0.9×0.9inch.
Pin with the text:”October”. Made to celebrate the October Revolution wich took place in 1917.
The October Revolution was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin. It followed and capitalized on the February Revolution of the same year, which overthrew the Tsarist autocracy and resulted in a provisional government.
As the October Revolution was not universally recognized, there followed the struggles of the Russian Civil War (1917–22) and the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922. The Bolsheviks would become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Stalin was one of the militairy leaders of the Bolsheviks and took control over the Soviet Union after Lenin’s death in 1924.
Price: 1.50 euro
Size: 2.5×1.5cm./0.9×0.5inch.
Pin with the image of the lenin museum somewhere in Russia with an armoured car in front wich was used in the October Revolution. At one time Lenin stood on top of the car and gave a speech. In 1984 the car was transported inside the museum so the pin made before 1984.













Price: 250.00 euro
Size: 21x14cm./8.2×5.5inch.
Weight: 98gr./3.4oz.
Pages: 95
Published:1956
For sale on http://www.propagandaworld.org
Very rare secret, numbered and registered publication which changed the world: Khrushchev, Nikita speech titled:”On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences”. Keynote address by First Secretary of the CC of the CPSU tov. N. S. Khrushchev at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union February 25, 1956.
“Unpublished materials delivered to the delegates to the 20th Congress of CPSU” March 1956 Warsaw. (“O kulcie jednostki i jego nastepstwach. Referat I Sekretarza KC KPZR tow. N. S. Chruszczowa na XX Zjezdzie Komunistycznej Partii Zwiazku Radzieckiego 25 lutego 1956 r. Nieopublikowane materialy doreczone delegatom na XX Zjazd KPZR Warszawa, Marzec 1956”)
Original printed wrappers with “Wylacznie do uzytku organizacji partyjnych” (“Exclusively for inner-party use”) printed to top of front wrapper and individual number, this one is number: „12508”. A very nice, clean, and fresh copy. 95 pages. Second impression of first edition from 1956.
“On the cult of the individual and its aftermath” (Russian: О культе личности и его последствиях) – a secret speech delivered on February 24 and 25, 1956 at the closed session of the XX Congress of the CPSU, Nikita Khrushchev and the secretary of the Soviet Union, successor of the Joseph Stalin. In this report, Stalin was portrayed as a criminal at the head of the Bolshevik party, guilty of the crimes committed while in power and the introduction of the so-called cult of individual. Khrushchev blamed Stalin himself and Lavrenti Beria, who was later shot to death, for the terror, revealing subsequent politicians responsible for the repression.
There are two impressions of the first edition of Khrushchev’s speech, both bearing the date March 1956 and both ordered by the Polish communist party authorities in the span of March 27 – March 31. As opposed to the even scarcer first priting of the text, this second priting of 95 pages was edited to give only Khrushchev’s speech (without the recorded interjections and ovations), but containing also a second part, “Unpublished materials” with Lenin’s “Testament”, Lenin’s “On the National Question”, and Stalin’s notes. In the USSR, until 1989 the speech was not published openly, but immediately after the 20th Congress it was read and discussed at the so-called days of open letters – at party and Komsomol meetings open to all. After the 20th Congress of the CPSU, the text of the paper was submitted to the Central Committee of the PZPR, where it was printed for internal use. afraid it would be reaveald and they will be punished.
One of the copies was obtained by Israeli intelligence and handed over to the CIA, which disclosed the contents to the press. Like the first impression, almost all the copies of this extremely scarce publication – which were all numbered and strictly registered – were withdrawn and destroyed after 11 April 1956. Worldcat don’t find any copies in libriaries all over the world, outside Poland.
Price: 5000.00 euro
Size: 18×12.5cm./7×4.9inch.
Weight: 150gr./5.2oz.
Pages: 96
Published: 1899
Karl Marx „Secret diplomatic history of the eighteenth century” edited by his daughter Eleonor Marx Aveling Ist edition London Swan Sonnenschein & Co Limited Paternoster Square 1899.
This book by Karl Marx is the orignal Ist edition. According to the information from Worldcat there is only 6 copies in libriaries around the world. Although it is not the most known of Marx works, but of its rarity it’s a great opportunity to get this unique book for the a collection. The book is in a very good condition, book is complete, pages are clean, two marks previous owner on title page and one at the end page, see photo’s for details.
Price: 1000.00 euro
Size: 23x17cm./9×6.6inch.
Weight: 117gr./4.1oz.
Pages: 70
Published:1905
Very rare Karl Marx-Friedrich Engels „Manifesto of the Communist Party” (Burzuazja, Proletarjat i komunizm: Manifest Komunistyczny)
Third polish edition with an introduction specially written for this polish edition by Karl Kautsky translated into polish by Adolf Warski [Ps. A. Warscawskeiego] editor St. Kucharski published by the Warszawa Bibljoteka Naukowa 1905. The Communist Manifesto (German: Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei, “Manifesto of the Communist Party”), pamphlet first published in 1848 written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to serve as the platform of the Communist League. It became one of the principal programmatic statements of the European socialist and communist parties in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
The first polish edition was published in 1883, the second in 1892, and this one third edition in 1905. This third polish edition from 1905 is very rare contains extensive introduction (pages 9-23) written especially for this 1905 edition by Karl Kautsky. It also contains previous prefaces to earlier editions.
The softcover book is complete and in quite good condition, pages are clean, there is reinforced book spine with transparent papery tape.
Price: 3250.00 euro
Size: 17x11cm./6.6×4.3inch.
Weight: 207gr./7.3oz.
Pages: 64 + 64
Published:1906 [1905] (II edition) + 1907 (IV edition)
Very rare 2 books in one volume:
Karl Marx, Frederick Engels „Manifesto of the Communist Party” authorized english translation: edited and annotated by Frederick Engels Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Company 1906 [1905]
The Communist Manifesto, german “Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei” (Manifesto of the Communist Party), was a pamphlet wich was first published in 1848 written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to serve as the platform of the Communist League. It became one of the principal programmatic statements of the European socialist and communist parties in the 19th. and early 20th. centuries. The first authorised English translation was done by Samuel Moore edited by Engels. It was published simultaneously in America in Chicago „Manifesto of the Communist Party” by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels authorized English translation: Edited and Annotated by Frederick Engels Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Company 1888 and in England London, William Reeves, 185 Fleet Street, E.C. 1888.
Wilhelm Liebknecht „No Compromise : No Political Trading” translated by: A.M.Simons and Marcus Hitch revised IV English edition (Ist german edition 1899, Ist English edition 1900) Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Company 1907. The book is in a good condition, hardback is almost perfect nice looking, book is complete, some pages has notes, underlines or colored markings, on pre-title page blanked previous ownerfrom Chicago signature from 1908, see photo for detail.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1975
FDC made in the Soviet Union. On the envelope is the image of Yuri Gagarin, first man in space. The text reads:”Cosmonautics Day”.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1982
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1982. The FDC is about cosmonautics day and it reads:”April 12, Cosmonautics Day”.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1987
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1987. It is made in honour of the Soviet-Hungarian space flight with the Interkosmos space project. Interkosmos was a Soviet space program, designed to help the Soviet Union’s allies with manned and unmanned space missions.
The program included the allied east European nations of the Warsaw Pact and other socialist nations like Afghanistan, Cuba, Mongolia, and Vietnam. In addition, pro Soviet nations such as India and Syria participated, and even France and Austria, despite them being capitalist nations.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1985
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1985. The text reads:'”424 Hours In Zero Gravity”.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1981
FDC made in Hunfary, 1981. To celebrate the first space flight with the Soviet Union in the Interkosmios program. Interkosmos was a Soviet space program, designed to help the Soviet Union’s allies with manned and unmanned space missions.
The program included the allied east European nations of the Warsaw Pact and other socialist nations like Afghanistan, Cuba, Mongolia, and Vietnam. In addition, pro Soviet nations such as India and Syria participated, and even France and Austria, despite them being capitalist nations.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1979
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1980. The FDC is about the international space flights program (Interkosmos). This time it is about the space flight with Bulgaria. The text reads:”International Space Flights”.
Interkosmos was a Soviet space program, designed to help the Soviet Union’s allies with manned and unmanned space missions.
The program included the allied east European nations of the Warsaw Pact and other socialist nations like Afghanistan, Cuba, Mongolia, and Vietnam. In addition, pro Soviet nations such as India and Syria participated, and even France and Austria, despite them being capitalist nations.

Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1980
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1980. The FDC is about the international space flights program (Interkosmos). This time it is about the space flight with Cuba. The text reads:”International Space Flights”.
Interkosmos was a Soviet space program, designed to help the Soviet Union’s allies with manned and unmanned space missions.
The program included the allied east European nations of the Warsaw Pact and other socialist nations like Afghanistan, Cuba, Mongolia, and Vietnam. In addition, pro Soviet nations such as India and Syria participated, and even France and Austria, despite them being capitalist nations.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1971
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1971 for Cosmonautics Day.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1971
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1971. The text reads:”Lunokhod 1/Moonwalker 1″.
Lunokhod (Russian: “Moonwalker”) was a series of Soviet robotic lunar rovers designed to land on the Moon between 1969 and 1977. Lunokhod 1 was the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on another world.
The 1969 Lunokhod 1A was destroyed during launch, the 1970 Lunokhod 1 and the 1973 Lunokhod 2 landed on the Moon. The successful missions were in operation concurrently with the Zond and Luna series of Moon flyby, orbiter and landing missions.The Lunokhods were primarily designed to support the Soviet manned Moon missions during the Moon race. After the successful Apollo manned moon landings they were used as remote-controlled robots for exploration of the lunar surface and return its pictures.
Not until the 1997 Mars Pathfinder was another remote-controlled vehicle put on an extraterrestrial body. In 2010, nearly forty years after the 1971 loss of signal from Lunokhod 1, the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter photographed the Lunokhod tracks and final location, and researchers, using a telescopic pulsed-laser rangefinder, detected the robot’s retroreflector.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1976
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1976. The text reads:”12 April, Cosmonautics Day”.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 5.00 euro
Size: 30x21cm./11.8×8.2inch.
Pages: 4
Published:1982
Polish underground bulletin „Mazovia Weekly Solidarity” (Tygodnik Mazowsze Solidarnosc) no 15 from 25th May 1982. In the bulletin: on the first page about mssive strikes and manifestations on 13th May in Poland, Clashes with militia, Interviews with participants, Strikes reports from different cities in particular workplaces, List of communists collaborators describing for what reason they are admitted to be collaborator, Propaganda in public television in Poland.
Tygodnik Mazowsze Solidarnosc – a bulletin of the Polish Solidarity opposition in the period of the Polish People’s Republic, published in 1982–1989.
Underground publications (tissue paper, second circulation) was published in countries where censorship was in force (PRL, USSR, etc.). In Poland publications were published by the opposition such as The Workers’ Defense Committee (KOR) and Solidarity. These were non-debit publications, i.e. without being allowed to be distributed by the appropriate office (in Poland until 1989, it was the Publications and Performances Control Office), often ignoring copyright, and was confidentially distributed. They were published in circulation from a dozen or so copies to several or even tens of thousands of copies by illegal (“underground”) publishing houses or by private persons. The circulations of press and books, for example in the “NOWA”, rarely exceeded 4-5 thousand copies.
Due to militia persecution, espionage infiltration and the system of controlling the trade in paper, ink and printing presses was in force in totalitarian countries. Independent publishing houses never managed to achieve a large coverage, except for the Polish People’s Republic in the second half of the 1980s.
Price: 5.00 euro
Size: 30x21cm./11.8×8.2inch.
Pages: 4
Published: 1983
Polish underground typescript bulletin „NSZZ SOLIDARITY Weekly Mazovie Region” (Tygodnik NSZZ Solidarnosc Region Mazowsze) no 8/58 from 2nd March 1983.
In the bulletin:Polemics with government distortion about the real numerber of death of miners in Poland, Polemics with official government position about the increase of food price, Holy Father John Paul II comes soon to Poland lets prepare.Tygodnik NSZZ Solidarnosc Region Mazowsze – a bulletin of the Polish Solidarity opposition in the period of the Polish People’s Republic, published in 1982–1989.
Underground publications (tissue paper, second circulation) was published in countries where censorship was in force (PRL, USSR, etc.). In Poland publications were published by the opposition such as The Workers’ Defense Committee (KOR) and Solidarity. These were non-debit publications, i.e. without being allowed to be distributed by the appropriate office (in Poland until 1989, it was the Publications and Performances Control Office), often ignoring copyright, and was confidentially distributed. They were published in circulation from a dozen or so copies to several or even tens of thousands of copies by illegal (“underground”) publishing houses or by private persons. The circulations of press and books, for example in the “NOWA”, rarely exceeded 4-5 thousand copies.
Due to militia persecution, espionage infiltration and the system of controlling the trade in paper, ink and printing presses was in force in totalitarian countries. Independent publishing houses never managed to achieve a large coverage, except for the Polish People’s Republic in the second half of the 1980s.
Price: 5.00 euro
Size: 30x21cm./11.8×8.2inch.
Pages: 2
Published:1983
Polish underground bulletin „Committee of Social Resistance KOS” (Komitet Oporu Społecznego KOS) no. 27 from 14th March 1983.
Topics in the bulletin: Anna’a Walentynowicz one of the leader and co-creator of Solidarity trail began, Lech Walesa arrived at Walentynowicz trial, Communist started to prepare political trial against former members Social Self-Defense Committee “KOR” an Opposition movement against The Polish United Workers’ Party. The bulletin ends with the poem “Traitor”.
The KOS (underground bulletin of the Committee for Social Resistance) was the first periodical published after the introduction of martial law in 1981. It was an alternative for government censored newspapers. It was published in the years 1981-1989, initially as a weekly, then as a biweekly. A total of 165 issues were published.
Underground publications (tissue paper, second circulation) was published in countries where censorship was in force (PRL, USSR, etc.). In Poland publications were published by the opposition such as The Workers’ Defense Committee (KOR) and Solidarity. These were non-debit publications, i.e. without being allowed to be distributed by the appropriate office (in Poland until 1989, it was the Publications and Performances Control Office), often ignoring copyright, and was confidentially distributed. They were published in circulation from a dozen or so copies to several or even tens of thousands of copies by illegal (“underground”) publishing houses or by private persons. The circulations of press and books, for example in the “NOWA”, rarely exceeded 4-5 thousand copies.
Due to militia persecution, espionage infiltration and the system of controlling the trade in paper, ink and printing presses was in force in totalitarian countries. Independent publishing houses never managed to achieve a large coverage, except for the Polish People’s Republic in the second half of the 1980s.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1970
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1970. The text on the card says:”Cosmonautics Day”.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 2.50
Year: 1974
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1974. The text on the card says:”12 April Cosmonautics Day”.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1963
FDC from teh Soviet Union to celebrate the 5th. anniversary of the launch of Sputnik 3.
Sputnik 3 was a Soviet satellite launched in 1958. The scientific satellite carried a large array of instruments for geophysical research of the upper atmosphere and near space.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1971
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1971 for Cosmonautics Day.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1975
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC made by the Soviet Union, 1975, for commemorating the ASTP (Apollo-Soyuz) testflight.
Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975.
Millions of people around the world watched on television as a United States Apollo module docked with a Soviet Union Soyuz capsule. The project, and its memorable handshake in space, was a symbol of détente between the two superpowers. It is generally considered to mark the end of the Space Race, which had begun in 1957 with the launch of Sputnik 1.
The mission was officially known as the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP).
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1988
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC made in the Soviet Union, 1988 for Cosmonautics Day.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.

Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1973
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC made by the Soviet Union, 1973, for commemorating the ASTP (Apollo-Soyuz) testflight.
Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975.
Millions of people around the world watched on television as a United States Apollo module docked with a Soviet Union Soyuz capsule. The project, and its memorable handshake in space, was a symbol of détente between the two superpowers. It is generally considered to mark the end of the Space Race, which had begun in 1957 with the launch of Sputnik 1.
The mission was officially known as the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP).
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1976
FDC Soviet Union Space for the 15th. anniversary of the Vosktok 2 flight made in 1961. The text on the envelop reads:”15th. anniversary of the space flight of the pilot cosmonaut G. Titov”.
Vostok 2 (Russian: Boctok 2) was a Soviet space mission which carried cosmonaut Gherman Titov into orbit for a full day on August 6, 1961 to study the effects of a more prolonged period of weightlessness on the human body. Titov orbited the Earth over 17 times, exceeding the single orbit of Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1975
http://www.propagandaworld.org
FDC Soviet Union made in 1975. The FDC is made to celebrate the space coorperation between the Soviet Union and the US.
Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions of people around the world watched on television as a United States Apollo module docked with a Soviet Union Soyuz capsule. It is generally considered to mark the end of the Space Race, which had begun in 1957 with the launch of Sputnik 1.
Price: 2.50 euro
Year: 1966
FDC from the Soviet Union. The text on the enveloppe says:”Cosmonautics Day”.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In 2011, 12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April 1961 by the 27-year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The commemorative day was established in the Soviet Union one year later, on 9 April 1962.
Nowadays the commemoration ceremony on Cosmonautics Day starts in the city of Korolyov, near Gagarin’s statue. Participants then proceed under police escort to Red Square for a visit to Gagarin’s grave in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis, and continue to Cosmonauts Alley, near the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.
On 7 April 2011, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight. On 12 April 2017, the United Nations commemorated the “International Day of Human Space Flight” to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the first human space flight, which started the beginning of the space era for mankind.
(2.4.21)
Price: 12.50 euro
Size: 56.5x40cm./22.2×15.7inch.
Year: 1987
Poster made in 1987, The Netehrlands, against the nuclear powerplant Borssele. The text on the poster reads:”No Danger For The Population? Never Again Tsjernobyl! Close Borssele!”. They were very ambitious because first they wanted to blokkade the plant, then go on a demonstration and followed by a manifestation.
(2.4.21)
Price: 7.50 euro
Size: 60.5x43cm./23.8×16.9inch.
Year: 1978
Poster made in the Netherlands, 1978, to announce a demonstration and manifestation for the unemployment people. The text on the poster reads:”Unemployed interests association. We demand a better position of the unemployed. We are against the consequences of the crisis”.
(18.4.21)
Price: 45.00 euro
Size: 94x66cm./37×25.9inch.
Year: 1975
Big poster from France, made in 1975. The text on the poster reads:”The great victory of the Soviet people”.
The image on the poster is the statue wich stands in Treptower Park in Berlin. Also there are some wartime images on the poster.
Price: 25.00 euro
Size: 70x50cm./27.5×19.6inch.
Year: 1970
Poster from the Netherlands “Hunt A Car” made in 1970 by the Goblin Organisation.
The Kabouterbeweging (Gnome Movement) was a playful Dutch and Belgian protest movement and local political party from the period 1969-1974 around ex-Provos Roel van Duijn and Robert Jasper Grootveld. The movement’s criticism focused on issues such as consumerism, housing shortages and damage to nature and the environment.
The movement founded the Orange Free State on February 5, 1970. The borders of this state coincided with those of the Netherlands. The Orange Free State got its own (shadow) government complete with departments dealing with squats, shops for second-hand goods and organic food shops.
On June 3, 1970, the Gnomes, led by Roel van Duijn, participated with the Amsterdam-Gnometown party in the Amsterdam municipal elections and became the fourth party in the council with five seats. The group was notable for playful actions, such as smoking weed during council meetings and a new, phonetic spelling, but eventually fell apart due to internal conflicts.
Price: 15.00 euro
Size: 88x66cm./34.6×25.9inch.
Year: 1981
Poster from the Soviet Union made in 1981 with Karl Marx.
Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a German thinker and philosopher. He created the workers movement. His most important work is Das Kapital and the Communist Manifest. Bassicly he was the inventor of communism. His work and thoughts are called Marxism. Lenin was a strong believer of Marxism when he was turning Russia into the first communist state after the October Revolution in 1917. Friedrich Engels was his lifetime friend and was supporting Karl financially and publiced many of Karl Marx writings after the death of Karl.
Price: 15.00 euro
Size: 84x60cm./33×23.6inch.
Year: 1970’s
Poster Netherlands made in the 1970’s. The text of the poster reads:”With the PPR against the flow”.
The Political Party of Radicals was a progressive Christian and green political party in the Netherlands. The PPR played a relatively small role in Dutch politics and merged with other left-wing parties to form GreenLeft (Dutch: GroenLinks) in 1991.
(R.65.21)
Price: 70.00 euro
Size: 59.5x42cm./23.4×16.5inch.
Topography Of Terror German poster, presumably from 1987. Books on the matter can be found but the poster is rare. Not an advertising poster for the book but the real exhibition poster In truly new condition. Between 1933 and 1945 the most important cases of National Socialist terror were on the site, which from 1987 onwards became known as the “Topography of Terror”. The Reichsführung-SS, the Security Service (SD), the Secret State Police Office (Gestapo) including prison and the Reichs Security Main Office were located in the area near Potsdamer Platz.
Today, the “Prinz Albrecht site” serves as a place of remembrance and with its permanent exhibitions it contributes to coming to terms with the terror regime. Partly destroyed in the war, rendered unrecognizable after the war’s end, by demolition and conversion and forgetting, a partially wasteland in the shadow of the Berlin Wall eventually turned into a Nazi crime documentation center that attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year.
(R.60.21)
Price: 65.00 euro
Size: 82.5x59cm./
Year: 1978
Poster made in Hungary by Hérics Nándor in 1978 for the 11th. worldfestival of youth and students wich was held in Cuba with 18.500 participants and attended by 145 country’s. The slogan was:”For Anti-Imperialist Solidarity, Peace and Friendship”. The poster images a guitar wrapped with the Cuban flag.
Price: 45.00 euro
Size: 94x66cm./37×25.9inch.
Year: 1975
Big poster from Spain, made in 1975. The text on the poster reads:”The great victory of the Soviet people”.
The image on the poster is the statue wich stands in Treptower Park in Berlin. Also there are some wartime images on the poster.
Price: 25.00 euro
Size: 86.5x59cm./34×23.2inch.
Year: 1963
Big poster from the Ukraine made in 1963. It has been touched a bit by the hands of time. Probably these kind of posters hung in schools. The text on the poster says:”On the school area” and “State educational pedagogical publishing house, Soviet school, Kiev”.
Price: 35.00 euro
Size: 67x49cm./26.3×19.2inch.
Year: 1979
Poster made in the Soviet Union with the imaga of Leonid Brezhnev.
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (1906-1982) was the fifth leader of the Soviet Union, he ruled the Soviet Union 1964 until his death in 1982. Ideologically, he was a Marxist-Leninist.
After the October Revolution in 1917 led to the formation of a one party state led by the Communist Party, Brezhnev joined the party’s youth league, Komsomol, in 1923, and became an active party member by 1929. In WWII he joined the Red Army and held increasingly important political posts.
After the war he rose steadily in the top ranks of the party, and became a protege of Joseph Stalin. In 1952 Brezhnev was promoted to the Central Committee and in 1957 to full member of the Politburo. In 1964 he ousted Nikita Khrushchev and took over as First Secretary of the CPSU, the most powerful position in the Kremlin.
(3.37.21)
Price: 12.00 euro
Size: 40.5x21cm./15.9×8.2inch.
Poster made around 1980 for the announcement of a demonstration in Utrecht against Pinochet’s regime.
A militairy coup with Pinochet as leader overthrew the Popular Unity coalition with force in 1973. President Allende killed himself during the attack of the armed forces.
(25.21)
Price: 25.00 euro
Size: 18.5x12cm./7.2×4.7inch.
Weight: 250gr./8.8oz.
Pages: 350
Published: 1987
„Korean Review” by Pang Hwan Ju published by the Foreign Languages Publishing House Pyongyang, North Korea. Book covers all aspects of life in North Korea, aggriculture, industry, politics, wars and culture
From the book:
“Almost half a century has passed since the nation was dividedinto the north and the south.
A ferroconcrete wall runs 240 kilometres along rhe Military Demarcation Line as a barier across the Korean peninsula. South of the barier are deployed over 40.000 US troops and more than 1.000 US nuclear weapons. The separated families and kinsmen do not hear what has happened to one another, alive or dead, let alone visit each other, meanwhile the generations are changing….
The misfortunes, suffering and miseries caused by the US aggressors should be removed at the earliest date and Korea reunified”.
Price: 15.00 euro
Size: 14.5×9.5cm./5.7×3.7inch.
Weight: 110gr./3.8oz.
Pages: 87
Published: 1964
„Problemes strategiques de la gerre de partisans contre le Japon” by Mao Tse-Toung published by the Editions en Langues Etrangeres Pekin 1964. The text in Ebglish is: “Strategic Problems of the Partisan War against Japan”.
Chinese book about chinese partisans war against Japan in years 1937-1945. At the start of the War of Resistance against Japan, a large number of people, both inside and outside the Party, underestimated the importance of the strategic role of partisan warfare and put their hopes in it. Regular warfare, and in particular in the action of the Kuomintang army. Comrade Mao Zedong refuted this point of view and showed in this writing the right way to develop the anti-Japanese partisan war. This enabled the VIIIth Route Army and the New IVth Army, which numbered little more than 40,000 at the start of the War of Resistance in 1937, to form at the time of Japan’s surrender in 1945 a powerful army of one million men, after having created a large number of revolutionary bases and playing a considerable role in the War of Resistance. As a result, Chiang Kai-shek did not dare, during this war, to capitulate to Japan, nor to start a general civil war; and when he unleashed it in 1946, the People’s Liberation Army created out of the VIIIth Route Army and the New IV Army was already strong enough to face the offensive of Tchiang Kaï-shek.
Price: 15.00 euro
Size: 18x13cm./7×5.1inch.
Weight: 143gr./5oz.
Pages: 62
Published: 1950
„The Chinese People’s Liberation Army” published by the Foreign Languages Press Peking China 1950. On the title page handmade owner signature. Chinese propaganda book about The People’s Liberation Army, photos, history, duties, organization, and plans for the future.
The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) was founded on 1 August 1927 during the Nanchang uprising when troops of the Kuomintang (KMT) rebelled under the leadership of Zhu De, He Long, Ye Jianying and Zhou Enlai after the Shanghai massacre of 1927 by Chiang Kai-shek. They were then known as the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army, or simply the Red Army. Between 1934 and 1935, the Red Army survived several campaigns led against it by Chiang Kai-Shek and engaged in the Long March.